Table of Content

22 July 2022, Volume 47 Issue 2

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Development trends and suggestions of swine nutrition and feed science in 2022

WANG Li，XIAO Hao，HU Shenglan，YE Xiangyang，YI Hongbo，Gao Kaiguo， Yang Xuefen，Wen Xiaolu，JIANG Zongyong*

2022, 47(2):  1-5.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.01

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In 2021，swine production capacity has been fully restored and continues to fluctuate at a low level， while the supply of feed raw materials is insufficient and the price rises a lot，which has brought unprecedented pressure to the swine industry. This paper summarizes the current situation of swine nutrition and feed science， analyzes the development trends in 2022，and puts forward relevant suggestions in this field from the perspective of scientific research.

The protective effect of polysaccharide of atractylodes macrocephala koidz on the hepatic immune function of goslings

Li Wanyan1，Wang Yifei1，Li Bingxin1，Xu Shuaipeng1，Zheng Min1，Cao Nan1，Xu Danning1， Yang Baohe2，Yuan Mingfeng2，Tian Yunbo1*

2022, 47(2):  6-13.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.02

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In order to study the protective effect of polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz（PAMK） on the liver immune function of goslings，40 1? day ?old Magang goslings were randomly divided into control group， PAMK group，CTX group and PAMK+CTX group，10 in each group. After 3 days of feeding，400 mg/kg PAMK was added to the diet of control group and PAMK group. At 20 days of age，CTX group and PAMK + CTX group were injected with cyclophosphamide in leg muscle at a dose of 40 mg/kg·BW for three consecutive days，other groups were injected with 0.5 mL of normal saline. The liver index and tissue structure were detected on 24?day ?old. The resultsshowed that cyclophosphamide could cause liver enlargement，tissue structure damage，hepatocyte DNA damage and liver function disorder in goslings. After the intervention of PAMK，the gosling liver and gallbladder indexes returned to normal，and the serum AST and AST levels were significantly reduced. The activity of ALT（P<0.05），the contents of TNF ? α，IL ? 10 and IL ? 1β were significantly increased（P<0.05），and the DNA damage of hepatocytes was significantly reduced. Cyclophosphamide significantly inhibited the protein levels of TLR4，NF ? κB1，TRAF6 and IKKε in the TLR4/NF ? κB signaling pathway（P<0.05），and increased the protein level of IκBα（P<0.05）. After PAMK treatment，the protein level of IκBα was significantly decreased（P<0.05），and the protein level of TRAF6 was significantly increased （P<0.05）， indicating that PAMK could effectively relieve the inhibitory effect of cyclophosphamide on key genes of TLR4/NF?κB pathway.

Effect of newcastle disease virus on the migration of peripheral blood T lymphocytes of chickens

LIN Chuxiao，HE Jingyi，HE Yanhua，JI Jian，LUO Chenglong*

2022, 47(2):  14-17.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.03

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The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of Newcastle Disease Virus（NDV）on the migration of peripheral blood T lymphocytes in different geneotypes of Yellow ? feathered chickens，and to provide theoretical knowledge for exploring the immune response mechanism of chickens to NDV. Using Transwell co?culture system，the upper chamber and the lower chamber were cultured with lymphocytes and dendritic cells，respectively. After NDV challenging，the lymphocyte suspension was collected at 0，2，4，6 h of each time point. The total T lymphocyte migration rate was obtained by the flow cytometry method and the optimal co ? cultivation time wasdetermined. Then the migration rate of total T lymphocytes in wild?type（TT），hybrid?type（CT）and homozygotic?type （CC）were compared after NDV challenge. The results showed that the migration rate of total T lymphocytes was 45.04% after 2 hours of NDV challenge. In the groups challenged by virus，the migration rate of total T lymphocytes in CT genotype was 60.03% ，and the total T lymphocytes migration rate in TT genotype was 45.40% . There was a significant difference between the two genotypes（P<0.05）. However，there was no significant difference between CT and CC genotype（P>0.05）. In conclusion，the time of optimal lymphocytes culture was 2 hours，which was suitable for cell migration. After NDV challenge，the migration rate of total T lymphocytes in CT genotype was faster than that of TT genotype.

Effects of dietary supplementation with fermented cassava residues on the performance and egg quality of laying hens

2022, 47(2):  18-21.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.04

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The current study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with fermented cassava residue on the performance and egg quality of Hy?Line brown laying hens. A total of 240 healthy Hy?Line laying hens aged 39 weeks were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 12 hens per replicate. The control group was fed with basic diet，while the experimental groups were fed diets with 5%，10% and 15% fermented cassava residue，respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows：① The feed intake and feed/ egg were significantly increased with the increase of the proportion of fermented cassava residue（P<0.05），while thenumber of egg production，laying rate，and total egg weight were significantly decreased（P<0.05）. ② The shell thickness were significantly decreased with the increase of the proportion of fermented cassava residue（P<0.05）， while the haugh unit and yolk color index were significantly increased（P<0.05）. However，the egg shape index had no difference among the different groups（P>0.05）. ③ Compared with control group，dietary supplementation with 5% fermented cassava residue increased the economic benefits by 7.61 yuan. Overall，our results indicated that dietary supplementation with 5% fermented cassava residue in Hy ? Line brown laying hens increased the egg quality and improved the breeding efficiency.

Sensitization test of gamithromycin injection

IANG Guoliang，FU Liankai，GU Zhichun，LI Chengying，ZHOU Shuzhen*

2022, 47(2):  22-25.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.05

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In order to evaluate the sensitization of gamithromycin injection scientifically，the FMMU guinea pigs and SD rats were used to conduct active systemic anaphylaxis test and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test of gamithromycin injection respectively. The animals were randomly divided into negative control group，positive control group，low ? dose test group（6 mg/kg b.w.）and high ? dose test group（18 mg/kg b.w.）. Under the conditions of conventional breeding，the active allergic reaction degree of guinea pigs and passive allergic reaction degree of rats in each group were observe after being sensitized and stimulated according to the test method. The results showed that the active systemic anaphylaxis and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction degree of low ?dose test group and high ?dose test group were negative，which indicated that Gamithromycin injection cause neither active systemic anaphylaxis in guinea pigs，nor passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats.

Isolation, Identification and Pathogenicity of porcine pseudorabies virus GD strain

HOU Gaowei，LAI Yuehui，WU Wenfu，ZHOU Xiaomin，CHEN Jian，YANG Aobing，LIN Derui*

2022, 47(2):  26-29.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.06

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A virus suspected to be porcine pseudorabies virus（PRV）was isolated from dead pigs in Guangdong province. The typical cytopathic effect（CPE）could be observed when the isolated virus was cultured on the swine testicular cells and it’s tissue culture infectious dose（TCID50）was 106.8/0.1 mL. A specific 370 bp long DNA fragment could be expanded using polymerase chain reaction（PCR）analysis from the isolated virus DNA. The sequence analysis results showed that the nucleotide identity of gE ? gene of PRV GD strain were between 97.6% ～99.9% comparing with several domestic and foreign PRV strains published in GenBank. The isolated virus strain was confirmed to be porcine pseudorabies virus and named as PRV GD strain. Inoculation of mice、rabbits、piglets and fattening pigs can cause the disease and death with strong pathogenicity.

Technology and application of Pb2+ detection in drinking water for livestock and poultry by Prussian blue/graphene modified electrode

HUANG Jun1，WANG Sijun3，LUO Yuhang1，ZHANG Wandi1，ZHANG Jianfeng2，LI Zhili1*，ZHANG Chunhong2*

2022, 47(2):  30-36.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.07

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In order to monitor the content of lead ions in drinking water and evaluate the quality of drinking water in livestock and poultry farms，a method based on Prussian blue/graphene modified electrode was established. Prussian blue nanoparticles were attached to the surface of graphene by electrochemical precipitation. The chemical properties of the prepared modified electrode were analyzed by differential pulse voltammetry. Moreover，the sensitivity，stability and detection limit of lead ions on the surface of the prepared electrode were analyzed. Finally， the reliability of the modified electrode prepared in the experiment to detect lead ions in drinking water of livestock andpoultry was evaluated. Results showed that in the phosphate buffer（0.10 mol/L，pH=4.5），the lead ion had a linear function relationship with the current value，which was in the range of 1×10-9 to 1×10-4，and the detection limit was 2.5 ×10-9 mol/L. In conclusion，the method of modified electrode based on Prussian blue/graphene has a wide linear range，low detection limit，good stability，strong anti ? interference ability and high sensitivity，indicating that the method is suitable for the detection of lead ions in drinking water of livestock and poultry.

Research progress in nutrition and feed technology of yellow􀆼feathered chickens in 2021

MAO Shenli，GOU Zhongyong*

2022, 47(2):  37-42.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.08

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In 2021，it is still a hot spot on the research of the nutrition and feed of yellow?feathered chickens and a large number of relevant literatures have been reported. Research and technology developments of nutrition and feed of Yellow ? feathered chickens in abroad are presented in this review. Besides，studies on nutritional parameters， development and utilization of feed resources，nutrition metabolism，nutrition and immunity，and nutrition regulation of meat quality of Chinese Yellow?feathered chickens are also reviewed here. Finally，the relevant problems in those researches and development suggestions are put forward by the authors. It hopes that this review can provide technical support and guidance service for production of Yellow?feathered chickens.

Research progress in test technique for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

CAI Linlin，LIANG Jianpeng，CHEN Libin，XIANG Bin，REN Tao*

2022, 47(2):  43-50.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.09

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There are many kinds of susceptible animals for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 （SARS?CoV?2），which has a strong transmission capacity. At this stage，a variety of mutants of SARS?CoV?2 have appeared，which may be at risk of evading the protection of existing vaccines. Understanding the human ? animal interface and its relevance to disease transmission remains a critical control point for many emerging zoonoses. In this paper，the structure and mutant strains of SARS ? CoV ? 2 were briefly described. Further，the technical principles， characteristics and application status of a series of detection methods for SARS?CoV?2 were described. Meanwhile，the advantages and disadvantages of each method were summarized in this paper. And finally，some suggestions were put forward to improve the routine disease monitoring system，after that，the importance of livestock husbandry biosecurity prevention and control were clarified step by step.

Research progress in the application of feed yeast product

XIA JunLiang，ZHANG YongLiang，CHEN Ting

2022, 47(2):  51-57.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.10

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Yeast and its metabolites have many biological functions，such as improving animal immunity，feed conversion rate，promoting animal growth，and improving the quality of animal products. Until now，yeast and its products have been widely used as additives in feed. In the paper，the types of yeast products currently in the market， (such as feed yeast，yeast cell wall，yeast extract，yeast culture，active dry yeast，and other yeast products) and their function characteristics were reviewed，with the aimto provide theoreticalbasis for the research and application of yeast products reference basis.

Research progress in the antibody detection of Swine Fever Virus

2022, 47(2):  58-62.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.11

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Classical swine fever（CSF）is a highly infectious and fatal disease of pigs caused by Classical swine fever virus（CSFV）. It has high contact ?infectivity，widespread epidemic，high morbidity and mortality，and great economic damage to pig industry. At present，vaccination is still the main means to control CSF in most countries of the world and CSFV antibody detection is used to evaluate immune efficiency. In order to provide new ideas for the prevention and control of CSF，the main methods of antibody detection of CSFV，such as Virus Neutralization Test （VN） 、Indirect Hemagglutination （IHA） 、Enzyme ? linked Immunosorbent Assay （ELISA） 、Gold ? Immunochromatography Assay（GICA）were reviewed.

Goose astrovirus disease: the research progress， prevention and control strategies

HUANG Peihong1，JIA Rumin2，YANG Mengting1，HE Renshi1，FENG Xinyi1，DENG Shiwen1，LIU Xiaoxi1*

2022, 47(2):  63-66.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.12

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The goose astrovirus mainly infects the goslings within 3 weeks old. At the initial stage of infection， goslings show loss of appetite，listlessness and weakness of limbs. As the disease deteriorates，they show symptoms such as white feces，swelling of leg joints，uric acid deposition and paralysis，etc. The high incidence and up to 30% mortality rate would cause serious harm to the goose industry in China. In this article，it reviews the research process of goose astrovirus disease from six parts：etiology，epidemiology and pathogenicity，symptomatology，laboratory diagnosis，prevention and control，and prospect. The astrovirus was separated by taking diseased material for goose embryo inoculation and virus transmission culture，and identified by RT?PCR and other methods. It is expected that an effective attenuated vaccine will be cultivated by multi?generation subculture in non?susceptible animals. Practitioners are recommended to prevent and control goose astrovirus disease through measures such as injecting effective vaccine， cutting off the transmission route and rational use of drugs in the geese production.

A case on diagnosis and treatment of bovine tuberculosis

LIU Tengsheng1，GUAN Jingshan2，LU Fanglian1，Lin Yun1，ZHENG Zhuo1，HE Qisong2，XIONG Yi2，MA Lin2*

2022, 47(2):  67-70.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.13

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Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic zoonotic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis tuberculosis，which can occur all the year round and is classified as a classⅡ animal disease in China. In 2020，A case of bovine tuberculosis occurred in a dairy farm in Guiping City，16 positive samples were detected by intradermic allergy test. And then，the anticoagulant blood samples of 16 positive cows were collected and tested with ELISA of bovine tuberculosis interferon gamma（IFN），the results showed 8 positive cows. Infected cows were culled by Guiping center for animal disease prevention and control. Therefore，it is suggested that quarantine and biosafety measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of bovine tuberculosis. In the monitoring link，intradermal allergy can be used to quarantine cattles，and then retesting positive cattles using IFN??γELISA method. It will be more conducive to the detection and purification of bovine tuberculosis.