Table of Content

18 July 2022, Volume 47 Issue 1

  

Detection of B Vitamins by Targeted Metabonomics in Serum of Weaned Piglets at Different Ages

CHEN Yibo，WANG Li，ZHEN Rui，YANG Bijing，WU Qiwen，XIONG Yunxia， JIANG Zongyong，YI Hongbo

2022, 47(1):  1-5,64.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.01

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B vitamins（VB）are important nutrients to maintain the health and metabolism of host. It is widely used as feed additives in livestock and poultry. Due to the complex composition and extremely low content of VB in the serum，it is difficult to accurately monitor the dynamic changes of VB in serum by existing methods. In this study，five kinds of VB including VB1，VB2，VB3（Nicotinamide），VB6（Pyridoxal）and VB9 in the serum of weaned piglets at different age were successfully detected using the targeted metabolomics technique of ultra performance liquid chromatography?tandem mass spectrometry?multi?reaction monitoring（UPLC?MS/MS?MRM）. This results showed that the content of VB in the serum of weaned piglets were increased in varying degrees with the increase of age. The content of VB in serum of weaned pigs at 35 days old were higher than that at 28 days old and at 63 days old，which showed a trend of rising first and then decreasing. The content of nicotinamide in serum of weaned piglets was the highest，and the detection range was 422.95 ? 1 805.58 ng/mL；The content level of VB2 in the serum was followed nicotinamide，with the detection range ranged from 182.33 to 561.33 ng/mL；The detection range of VB1 in the serum was from 23.36 to 72.95 ng/mL；The detection range of pyridoxal in the serum was from 3.48 to 27.90 ng/mL. The content of VB9 in serum was the lowest，and the detection range was from 5.22 to 22.72 ng/mL. In conclusion，5 kinds of VB in the serum of weaned piglets were detected efficiently and quantitatively by the targeted metabolomics with ULPC?MS/MS?MRM technology in this study，which provided a reference for subsequent research on VB in livestock and poultry.

Changes on the microbial community at different ages of Yellow⁃feathered broilers fed with or without antibiotic diets

LUO Xiaolu，LI Lina，LI Jingrong，PENG Xiaofeng，WU Peng，ZHU Cui

2022, 47(1):  6-13.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.02

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This study aimed to investigate the changes of microbial composition and diversity of cecal digesta of yellow?feathered broilers fed with or without antibiotic diets at different ages（21 d，42 d，and 63 d）. A total of 360 one?day?old yellow?feathered broilers were randomly allotted 3 groups and fed a basal diet without antibiotic （NC group），or a basal diet containing 200 mg/kg oxytetracycline calcium and 250 mg/kg nasitid（PC group）， or 250 mg/kg berberine（BBR group）. Each treatment consisted of 6 replicates，with 20 broulers per replicate. At the phylum level，the results showed that the abundance of Firmicutes of cecal digesta of yellow?feathered broilers on day 42 and 63 was significantly lower than on day 21（P<0.05），while the abundance of Bacteroidetes was significantly higher （P<0.05）. 2） At the genus level， different ages significantly changed the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and Phascolarctobacterium in NC group，Bacteroides in PC group，and Bacteroides，unidentified Ruminococcaceae，unidentified Lachnospiraceae，Lactobacillus in BBR group（P<0.05）. 3）The Shannon index of BBR group and Simpson index of PC group were significantly changed at different ages（P<0.05）. 4）The t ? test analysis of differential microbiota showed that the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium was significantly increased in NC group at 21 d，while the abundance of Bacteroides was significantly decreased at 63 d in PC group. In BBR group，the relative abundance of Bacteroides was significantly increased at 42 d，and that of unidentified Lachnospiraceae in BBR group was significantly decreased at 63 d. Collectively，the relative abundance of microbes at the phylum level and genus level，and microbial diversity of cecal digesta in fast ? growing yellow ?feathered broilers were significantly different at different days of age（21，42，and 63 d），and the differential gut microbiota in response to the increasing ages varied in different diets.

Study and preparation of transmissible gastroenteritis virus egg yolk antibody

Zhao Zijun，Zhang shu，Wei Suhong，Cheng Huailing，Wei Pinghua

2022, 47(1):  14-16.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.03

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There is no effective treatment for the transmissible gastroenteritis of pigs，so this paper investigates the development of transmissible gastroenteritis virus yolk antibody to provide technical support for the prevention and treatment of the disease. The inactivated vaccine of ransmissible gastroenteritis virus was used to immunize healthy commercial hens of hy ?line variety brown at the age of 90?140 day，14 days after the third immunization，the yolk antibody was extracted from the eggs of highly immunized chickens，ELISA antibody titer detection and attack protection test. The results showed that the antibody titer can reach 1∶256，and maintained for 3 months. 120 days after the third immunization，the antibody titer drops to 1∶128. The results of the attack protection test on 1?day?old three ?way crossbred piglets showed that the morbidity and mortality rate of healthy piglets not immunized with yolk antibody reached 100% ，while the mortality rate of the yolk antibody immune group is 0 and the protection rate reached 100% ，indicating that the yolk antibody can effectively protect piglets against the attack of the virus of transmissible gastroenteritis of swine.

Dynamic changes of nutritional value on different fungus bran feed sources

GAO Shujing，LI Hualei，LIU Peng，REN Mingjin，RAN Longquan，XU Wei，CUI Wei

2022, 47(1):  17-20,30.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.04

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In order to investigate the effects of varieties and growth cycle of edible fungi on the nutritional value of fungus chaff，this study measured the nutrient composition of fungus bran after picking of the first and second stubble of Pleurotus citrinopileatus，Pleurotus ostreatus，Oyster mushroom，mushrooms，Hericium erinaceus. Results indicated that the nutritional components of fungus chaff showed significantly changed at different growth stages. The contents of crude protein，phosphorus，and crude fat of fungus bran presented first increased，then decreased，and finally increased as the growth and development of edible fungi，and the calcium content of the fungus bran showed significantly increased，while the crude fiber content showed significantly decreased. The fungus bran of edible fungi can be used as a source of crude fiber feed for livestock because of they have higher crude fiber content. Additionally， the Pleurotus citrinopileatus have a higher contents of crude protein，calcium，phosphorus，and crude fat among the 5 kinds of large??scale cultivated of edible fundi.

Observation on the behavior expression of captive Amur tigers with different rearing measures

LIN hongbin，QIU Weiming，LIAO Ruizhang

2022, 47(1):  21-26.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.05

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In order to understand the changing of feeding management on the behavior expression of captive Amur tigers［1］，and then to meet the needs of their feeding management，and finally improve their welfare by promoting the directional expression of behavior. This study aimed to establish a behavioral spectrum by observing the behavioral expression of captive Amur tigers within a small scope，and analyzed the impact of different daily management，abundant capacity facilities，and behavior training on their behavior. Our results indicated that the behavior expression and time allocation of captive Amur tigers were affected by daily management，abundant capacity facilities，and behavior training.

Measures for prevention and control and purification of Porcine Pseudorabies

Zhang Zhihong，Qiu zhuoxi，Li Chunling，Song Shuai

2022, 47(1):  27-30.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.06

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Porcine pseudorabies is a serious infectious disease that difficult to control in the current large?scale pig?breeding industry. The disease is highly contagious and has a high mortality rate in clinical production and tends to form latent infections，making it difficult to remove the pathogen completely and bringing great economic losses to the pig farming industry. In this paper，based on the relevant biological characteristics of porcine pseudorabies，the systematic diagnosis and epidemiological analysis of the disease are on the basis of the clinical symptoms and pathological changes of porcine pseudorabies. And in accordance with the actual production situation，targeted prevention as well as control and purification measures are put forward，effectively interrupting the potential harm and prevalence of the disease. These relevant methods and technologies will provide reference for the prevention and control of similar diseases，with a view to helping the stable and healthy development of pig industry.

Silage technology of corn straw in Guangdong Province

LIN Yu，WANG Yuanwei，QIU Zhiming

2022, 47(1):  31-33,38.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.07

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Silage is a common roughage for cattle and sheep，with the characteristics of high nutritional value， good palatability and high digestibility. What’s more，the application of silage technology turns the waste straw into treasure and reduces environmental pollution. Silage technology has been widely applied in northern China，whereas the yield of silage in Guangdong Province is very small. With six years’practice，the author summarizes the corn straw silage technology which is suitable for the climatic and geographical conditions in Guangdong Province. In the present study，the key technologies of corn straw silage were described in detail from five aspects：the selection of silage season and way，the preparation of silage container，the use of EM bacteria as additive in silage，the operation process of silage and quality identification，aimed at providing technical reference for farmers and technical support for the resource utilization of straw in Guangdong Province.

Prevention and control measures of rabbit coccidiosis

Cai Liying，Li Xiaobin，Liu Yuan，Liu Lidan，Lin Ruiqing，Weng Yabiao，Tan Zhijian

2022, 47(1):  34-38.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.08

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Rabbit coccidiosis is one of the most serious and common parasitic diseases in the rabbit industry， causing huge economic losses. Young rabbits are seriously nfected and even die，and adult rabbits are generally resistant to infection. At present，the prevention and control of rabbit coccidiosis is mainly based on drugs，but unreasonable use of anticoccidial drugs can easily lead to problems such as resistance，residues and toxicity. With the continuous progress of reduction of resistance，replacement and Forbidden anti?breeding. This paper presents feasible strategies and control of rabbit coccidiosis in terms of chemicals，traditional Chinese medicine，micro ? ecological agents and feeding management，in order to protect the healthy and sustainable development of the rabbit farming.

The production status and development countermeasures of rice and aquatic animal integrated cultivation in Sanjiang of Guangxi Autonomous Region

MO Jielin，YI Mengmeng，MO Hang，WANG Miao，LIU Zhigang，GAO Fengying，CAO Jianmeng， KE Xiaoli，LU Maixin

2022, 47(1):  39-43.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.09

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With a history of thousands of years in our country，rice and aquatic animal integrated cultivation is an ecological cycle agricultural production mode with both economic and ecological benefits. The integrated rice ?fishing cultivation occupies a considerable scale and economic position in Sanjiang. Therefore，it is important for the scientific layout and planning of integrated rice?fishing cultivation development to master the latest data on the development of integrated rice ?fishing cultivation and the existing problems in Sanjiang. The current paper investigated the status of the integrated rice?fishing cultivation in Dashu，Chonggan and Fenshui villages of Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County，Guangxi. Development proposals，such as culture pattern and product quality development，technical training strengthening，business model improvement，and brand building acceleration，are proposed based on the integrated cultivation’s infrastructure，farmed breed，cultivation technology，production development，and economic benefits in Sanjiang. This paper provided basic data on further understanding of the current situation as well as solution to the problems existing in the development of the integrated rice?fishing cultivation in Sanjiang.

Diagnosis and treatment of a case of dog splint infection with Clostridium tetanus

TANG Guoquan，XIE Bin

2022, 47(1):  44-46.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.10

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Clostridium tetanus can cause infection after invading the organism through wounds and damaged mucous membranes，mainly manifesting as increased stress of motor nervous system and continuous spasm of muscles throughout the body，with a high mortality. In this paper，we report a case in which a dog’s hind limb was pinched by a rusty rat clip. After clinical observation，combined with laboratory tests such as blood routine examination， biochemical examination and laboratory examination of wound secretions，Clostridium tetani infection was diagnosed and treated symptomatically，resulting in the dog's recovery.

A case on diagnosis and treatment of Hansen type I lumbar disc herniation in dog

YE Xiaolin，XIONG Huijun，ZHU Huajun

2022, 47(1):  47-51.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.11

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Intervertebral disc disease is a disease in which cartilaginous degeneration of nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc leads to disc herniation and compression of the spinal cord and nerve roots，and is the most common neurological dysfunction in small animals. In this paper，a case of canine Hansen type I lumbar disc herniation in a dog was diagnosed and treated，and the relevant literature was analyzed in order to provide some reference for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical related diseases.

Observation on Anesthetic Effect of Telazol on Wild Macaca Mulatta

XIE Weijun，SA Jiaqi，HU Qianwen，PENG Shiming

2022, 47(1):  52-55.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.12

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Thirty ? six wild Macaca Mulatta were anesthetized by intramuscular injection of Telazol 50 （a combination of tiletamine and zolazepam）at the dose of（5.79 ± 1.28）mg/kg. During the anesthesia，analgesia， sedation，muscle relaxation，respiration，heart rate，blood pressure，body temperature and blood oxygen saturation were monitored. The results showed that the induction period of Telazol 50 was（2.72±1.72）min，and the average induction effect was judged to be“excellent”. The body temperature was（38.74±0.46）℃，which was lower than the normal body temperature. Respiratory rate was（20.12 ± 0.15）beat/min，heart rate （143.96 ± 15.69）time/min and oxygen saturation（93.71±2.66）% at 5 to 30 min during anesthetic stage，all of which were slightly lower than those before anesthesia. The average anesthesia effect was determined as 4?5（moderate to surgical anesthesia），the duration of anesthesia maintenance（46.22±11.08）min，and the average analepsia effect was“fair”to“good”. The effect of Telazol 50 on wild Macaca Mulatta anesthesia（chemical restraint）was definite，but the recovery process was long.

Advances in the study of Lumpy Skin Disease

XU Xinting，XU Limin，DU Bizhu，ZHOU Huijun，DENG Haochu，LIU Xiaoxi

2022, 47(1):  56-60,70.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.13

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Lumpy skin disease（LSD），also known as bovine nodular rash or bovine lumpy disease，is a highly infectious class II animal disease that poses a serious harm to the growth and production of cattle. Infected cattles had widespread skin nodules with fever，swollen lymph nodes，edema of the limbs and perineum，yellow secretions from the mouth，nose and eyes，and decreased milk production. The etiology，epidemiology，transmission routes，clinical symptoms，pathological changes，diagnosis，treatment and preventive measures is discussed in this article，and we proposed to strengthen the barn feeding management and made disinfection measures to isolate infected area，to carry out the zap insect ?? borne control work and the surrounding environment to reduce or avoid losses，and proposes to strengthen cattle housing management and disinfection measures，isolate the infected area，and carry out insect vector control in cattle farms and the surrounding environment to improve the prevention and control ability and minimize or avoid losses.

Overview on harm and prevention and control technology of Brucellosis

Yan Chu，Peng Kai，Zhang zhini

2022, 47(1):  61-64.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.14

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Brucellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Brucella，which economic loss in China exceeds 10 billion yuan every year. Brucella is a gram-negative bacterium，which has the characteristics of strong resistance to stress，easy mutation，long incubation period，strong infectivity，wide source of infection，great harm and high mortality. Brucellosis is a common problem in animal husbandry and public health，which affects the growth and reproductive performance of host and endangers the health of animals and human beings. The prevention and control of Brucellosis focus on prevention，and the prevention awareness shall be improved at the same time so and the actual production should take so comprehensive disinfection，vaccination，drug prevention and other measures shall be taken in actual production，and the awareness of prevention of the disease shall be improved at the same time. This paper reviews the epidemiological characteristics of Brucellosis and its harm to animals and human beings，as well as the main epidemic prevention measures in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of Brucellosis.

Analysis on the current situation of meat production in Qingxin District，Qingyuan

Xiang Zhenqiang，Wen Juan，Yi Lanli，Wang Qing，Zhang Yi，He Jianan，Wei Qilin， Kang Huahua，Xu Zhihong，Peng Xinyu

2022, 47(1):  65-70.  DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.15

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Statistical analysis of pig and meat production in Qingxin district was made within recent two years. Results revealed that the number of pigs sold in Qingxin district was decreased by 75% in 2020 compared with the number in 2019，which was affected by ASF. On the contrary，the poultry production was increased by 6.5 times in the same period，partially filling the meat supply gap caused by the decrease in pig production. Since January 2020，pig stock has slowly risen，and the number of sows has also been increased stepwisely. Meanwhile，the market and stock of chickens and geese remained relatively stable. A major threat of ASF remains in the meat production of Qingxin district. And，wide market fluctuations still exist. Improving biosafety and animal farming technology level is the fundamental measure to solve the problems. Each town in Qingxin district own its characteristics in the area of livestock and poultry breeding. In 2020，Shantang，Heyun and Zhitan were the three towns with the largest number of poultry raising. Shantang，Heyun and Taiping were the three towns with the largest number of chickens and geese raising. The three largest towns for pig breeding are Heyun，Longneck，Taiping. The management and scientific department of the government can provide targeted support in high-quality seedlings，disease prevention and control， green farming techniques and marketing.