Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science

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Detection of B Vitamins by Targeted Metabonomics in Serum of Weaned Piglets at Different Ages

CHEN Yibo, WANG Li, ZHEN Rui, YANG Bijing, WU Qiwen, XIONG Yunxia, JIANG Zongyong, YI Hongbo

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 1-5,64. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.01

Abstract （313）

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B vitamins（VB）are important nutrients to maintain the health and metabolism of host. It is widely used as feed additives in livestock and poultry. Due to the complex composition and extremely low content of VB in the serum，it is difficult to accurately monitor the dynamic changes of VB in serum by existing methods. In this study，five kinds of VB including VB1，VB2，VB3（Nicotinamide），VB6（Pyridoxal）and VB9 in the serum of weaned piglets at different age were successfully detected using the targeted metabolomics technique of ultra performance liquid chromatography?tandem mass spectrometry?multi?reaction monitoring（UPLC?MS/MS?MRM）. This results showed that the content of VB in the serum of weaned piglets were increased in varying degrees with the increase of age. The content of VB in serum of weaned pigs at 35 days old were higher than that at 28 days old and at 63 days old，which showed a trend of rising first and then decreasing. The content of nicotinamide in serum of weaned piglets was the highest，and the detection range was 422.95 ? 1 805.58 ng/mL；The content level of VB2 in the serum was followed nicotinamide，with the detection range ranged from 182.33 to 561.33 ng/mL；The detection range of VB1 in the serum was from 23.36 to 72.95 ng/mL；The detection range of pyridoxal in the serum was from 3.48 to 27.90 ng/mL. The content of VB9 in serum was the lowest，and the detection range was from 5.22 to 22.72 ng/mL. In conclusion，5 kinds of VB in the serum of weaned piglets were detected efficiently and quantitatively by the targeted metabolomics with ULPC?MS/MS?MRM technology in this study，which provided a reference for subsequent research on VB in livestock and poultry.

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Changes on the microbial community at different ages of Yellow⁃feathered broilers fed with or without antibiotic diets

LUO Xiaolu, LI Lina, LI Jingrong, PENG Xiaofeng, WU Peng, ZHU Cui

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 6-13. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.02

Abstract （270）

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This study aimed to investigate the changes of microbial composition and diversity of cecal digesta of yellow?feathered broilers fed with or without antibiotic diets at different ages（21 d，42 d，and 63 d）. A total of 360 one?day?old yellow?feathered broilers were randomly allotted 3 groups and fed a basal diet without antibiotic （NC group），or a basal diet containing 200 mg/kg oxytetracycline calcium and 250 mg/kg nasitid（PC group）， or 250 mg/kg berberine（BBR group）. Each treatment consisted of 6 replicates，with 20 broulers per replicate. At the phylum level，the results showed that the abundance of Firmicutes of cecal digesta of yellow?feathered broilers on day 42 and 63 was significantly lower than on day 21（P<0.05），while the abundance of Bacteroidetes was significantly higher （P<0.05）. 2） At the genus level， different ages significantly changed the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and Phascolarctobacterium in NC group，Bacteroides in PC group，and Bacteroides，unidentified Ruminococcaceae，unidentified Lachnospiraceae，Lactobacillus in BBR group（P<0.05）. 3）The Shannon index of BBR group and Simpson index of PC group were significantly changed at different ages（P<0.05）. 4）The t ? test analysis of differential microbiota showed that the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium was significantly increased in NC group at 21 d，while the abundance of Bacteroides was significantly decreased at 63 d in PC group. In BBR group，the relative abundance of Bacteroides was significantly increased at 42 d，and that of unidentified Lachnospiraceae in BBR group was significantly decreased at 63 d. Collectively，the relative abundance of microbes at the phylum level and genus level，and microbial diversity of cecal digesta in fast ? growing yellow ?feathered broilers were significantly different at different days of age（21，42，and 63 d），and the differential gut microbiota in response to the increasing ages varied in different diets.

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Study and preparation of transmissible gastroenteritis virus egg yolk antibody

Zhao Zijun，Zhang shu，Wei Suhong，Cheng Huailing，Wei Pinghua

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 14-16. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.03

Abstract （231）

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There is no effective treatment for the transmissible gastroenteritis of pigs，so this paper investigates the development of transmissible gastroenteritis virus yolk antibody to provide technical support for the prevention and treatment of the disease. The inactivated vaccine of ransmissible gastroenteritis virus was used to immunize healthy commercial hens of hy ?line variety brown at the age of 90?140 day，14 days after the third immunization，the yolk antibody was extracted from the eggs of highly immunized chickens，ELISA antibody titer detection and attack protection test. The results showed that the antibody titer can reach 1∶256，and maintained for 3 months. 120 days after the third immunization，the antibody titer drops to 1∶128. The results of the attack protection test on 1?day?old three ?way crossbred piglets showed that the morbidity and mortality rate of healthy piglets not immunized with yolk antibody reached 100% ，while the mortality rate of the yolk antibody immune group is 0 and the protection rate reached 100% ，indicating that the yolk antibody can effectively protect piglets against the attack of the virus of transmissible gastroenteritis of swine.

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Dynamic changes of nutritional value on different fungus bran feed sources

GAO Shujing，LI Hualei，LIU Peng，REN Mingjin，RAN Longquan，XU Wei，CUI Wei

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 17-20,30. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.04

Abstract （362）

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In order to investigate the effects of varieties and growth cycle of edible fungi on the nutritional value of fungus chaff，this study measured the nutrient composition of fungus bran after picking of the first and second stubble of Pleurotus citrinopileatus，Pleurotus ostreatus，Oyster mushroom，mushrooms，Hericium erinaceus. Results indicated that the nutritional components of fungus chaff showed significantly changed at different growth stages. The contents of crude protein，phosphorus，and crude fat of fungus bran presented first increased，then decreased，and finally increased as the growth and development of edible fungi，and the calcium content of the fungus bran showed significantly increased，while the crude fiber content showed significantly decreased. The fungus bran of edible fungi can be used as a source of crude fiber feed for livestock because of they have higher crude fiber content. Additionally， the Pleurotus citrinopileatus have a higher contents of crude protein，calcium，phosphorus，and crude fat among the 5 kinds of large??scale cultivated of edible fundi.

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Observation on the behavior expression of captive Amur tigers with different rearing measures

LIN hongbin，QIU Weiming，LIAO Ruizhang

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 21-26. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.05

Abstract （209）

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In order to understand the changing of feeding management on the behavior expression of captive Amur tigers［1］，and then to meet the needs of their feeding management，and finally improve their welfare by promoting the directional expression of behavior. This study aimed to establish a behavioral spectrum by observing the behavioral expression of captive Amur tigers within a small scope，and analyzed the impact of different daily management，abundant capacity facilities，and behavior training on their behavior. Our results indicated that the behavior expression and time allocation of captive Amur tigers were affected by daily management，abundant capacity facilities，and behavior training.

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Measures for prevention and control and purification of Porcine Pseudorabies

Zhang Zhihong，Qiu zhuoxi，Li Chunling，Song Shuai

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 27-30. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.06

Abstract （303）

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Porcine pseudorabies is a serious infectious disease that difficult to control in the current large?scale pig?breeding industry. The disease is highly contagious and has a high mortality rate in clinical production and tends to form latent infections，making it difficult to remove the pathogen completely and bringing great economic losses to the pig farming industry. In this paper，based on the relevant biological characteristics of porcine pseudorabies，the systematic diagnosis and epidemiological analysis of the disease are on the basis of the clinical symptoms and pathological changes of porcine pseudorabies. And in accordance with the actual production situation，targeted prevention as well as control and purification measures are put forward，effectively interrupting the potential harm and prevalence of the disease. These relevant methods and technologies will provide reference for the prevention and control of similar diseases，with a view to helping the stable and healthy development of pig industry.

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Silage technology of corn straw in Guangdong Province

LIN Yu，WANG Yuanwei，QIU Zhiming

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 31-33,38. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.07

Abstract （305）

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Silage is a common roughage for cattle and sheep，with the characteristics of high nutritional value， good palatability and high digestibility. What’s more，the application of silage technology turns the waste straw into treasure and reduces environmental pollution. Silage technology has been widely applied in northern China，whereas the yield of silage in Guangdong Province is very small. With six years’practice，the author summarizes the corn straw silage technology which is suitable for the climatic and geographical conditions in Guangdong Province. In the present study，the key technologies of corn straw silage were described in detail from five aspects：the selection of silage season and way，the preparation of silage container，the use of EM bacteria as additive in silage，the operation process of silage and quality identification，aimed at providing technical reference for farmers and technical support for the resource utilization of straw in Guangdong Province.

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Prevention and control measures of rabbit coccidiosis

Cai Liying，Li Xiaobin，Liu Yuan，Liu Lidan，Lin Ruiqing，Weng Yabiao，Tan Zhijian

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 34-38. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.08

Abstract （300）

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Rabbit coccidiosis is one of the most serious and common parasitic diseases in the rabbit industry， causing huge economic losses. Young rabbits are seriously nfected and even die，and adult rabbits are generally resistant to infection. At present，the prevention and control of rabbit coccidiosis is mainly based on drugs，but unreasonable use of anticoccidial drugs can easily lead to problems such as resistance，residues and toxicity. With the continuous progress of reduction of resistance，replacement and Forbidden anti?breeding. This paper presents feasible strategies and control of rabbit coccidiosis in terms of chemicals，traditional Chinese medicine，micro ? ecological agents and feeding management，in order to protect the healthy and sustainable development of the rabbit farming.

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The production status and development countermeasures of rice and aquatic animal integrated cultivation in Sanjiang of Guangxi Autonomous Region

MO Jielin，YI Mengmeng，MO Hang，WANG Miao，LIU Zhigang，GAO Fengying，CAO Jianmeng， KE Xiaoli，LU Maixin

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 39-43. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.09

Abstract （152）

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With a history of thousands of years in our country，rice and aquatic animal integrated cultivation is an ecological cycle agricultural production mode with both economic and ecological benefits. The integrated rice ?fishing cultivation occupies a considerable scale and economic position in Sanjiang. Therefore，it is important for the scientific layout and planning of integrated rice?fishing cultivation development to master the latest data on the development of integrated rice ?fishing cultivation and the existing problems in Sanjiang. The current paper investigated the status of the integrated rice?fishing cultivation in Dashu，Chonggan and Fenshui villages of Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County，Guangxi. Development proposals，such as culture pattern and product quality development，technical training strengthening，business model improvement，and brand building acceleration，are proposed based on the integrated cultivation’s infrastructure，farmed breed，cultivation technology，production development，and economic benefits in Sanjiang. This paper provided basic data on further understanding of the current situation as well as solution to the problems existing in the development of the integrated rice?fishing cultivation in Sanjiang.

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Diagnosis and treatment of a case of dog splint infection with Clostridium tetanus

TANG Guoquan，XIE Bin

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 44-46. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.10

Abstract （540）

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Clostridium tetanus can cause infection after invading the organism through wounds and damaged mucous membranes，mainly manifesting as increased stress of motor nervous system and continuous spasm of muscles throughout the body，with a high mortality. In this paper，we report a case in which a dog’s hind limb was pinched by a rusty rat clip. After clinical observation，combined with laboratory tests such as blood routine examination， biochemical examination and laboratory examination of wound secretions，Clostridium tetani infection was diagnosed and treated symptomatically，resulting in the dog's recovery.

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A case on diagnosis and treatment of Hansen type I lumbar disc herniation in dog

YE Xiaolin，XIONG Huijun，ZHU Huajun

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 47-51. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.11

Abstract （720）

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Intervertebral disc disease is a disease in which cartilaginous degeneration of nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc leads to disc herniation and compression of the spinal cord and nerve roots，and is the most common neurological dysfunction in small animals. In this paper，a case of canine Hansen type I lumbar disc herniation in a dog was diagnosed and treated，and the relevant literature was analyzed in order to provide some reference for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical related diseases.

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Observation on Anesthetic Effect of Telazol on Wild Macaca Mulatta

XIE Weijun，SA Jiaqi，HU Qianwen，PENG Shiming

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 52-55. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.12

Abstract （462）

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Thirty ? six wild Macaca Mulatta were anesthetized by intramuscular injection of Telazol 50 （a combination of tiletamine and zolazepam）at the dose of（5.79 ± 1.28）mg/kg. During the anesthesia，analgesia， sedation，muscle relaxation，respiration，heart rate，blood pressure，body temperature and blood oxygen saturation were monitored. The results showed that the induction period of Telazol 50 was（2.72±1.72）min，and the average induction effect was judged to be“excellent”. The body temperature was（38.74±0.46）℃，which was lower than the normal body temperature. Respiratory rate was（20.12 ± 0.15）beat/min，heart rate （143.96 ± 15.69）time/min and oxygen saturation（93.71±2.66）% at 5 to 30 min during anesthetic stage，all of which were slightly lower than those before anesthesia. The average anesthesia effect was determined as 4?5（moderate to surgical anesthesia），the duration of anesthesia maintenance（46.22±11.08）min，and the average analepsia effect was“fair”to“good”. The effect of Telazol 50 on wild Macaca Mulatta anesthesia（chemical restraint）was definite，but the recovery process was long.

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Advances in the study of Lumpy Skin Disease

XU Xinting，XU Limin，DU Bizhu，ZHOU Huijun，DENG Haochu，LIU Xiaoxi

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 56-60,70. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.13

Abstract （392）

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Lumpy skin disease（LSD），also known as bovine nodular rash or bovine lumpy disease，is a highly infectious class II animal disease that poses a serious harm to the growth and production of cattle. Infected cattles had widespread skin nodules with fever，swollen lymph nodes，edema of the limbs and perineum，yellow secretions from the mouth，nose and eyes，and decreased milk production. The etiology，epidemiology，transmission routes，clinical symptoms，pathological changes，diagnosis，treatment and preventive measures is discussed in this article，and we proposed to strengthen the barn feeding management and made disinfection measures to isolate infected area，to carry out the zap insect ?? borne control work and the surrounding environment to reduce or avoid losses，and proposes to strengthen cattle housing management and disinfection measures，isolate the infected area，and carry out insect vector control in cattle farms and the surrounding environment to improve the prevention and control ability and minimize or avoid losses.

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Overview on harm and prevention and control technology of Brucellosis

Yan Chu，Peng Kai，Zhang zhini

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 61-64. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.14

Abstract （393）

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Brucellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Brucella，which economic loss in China exceeds 10 billion yuan every year. Brucella is a gram-negative bacterium，which has the characteristics of strong resistance to stress，easy mutation，long incubation period，strong infectivity，wide source of infection，great harm and high mortality. Brucellosis is a common problem in animal husbandry and public health，which affects the growth and reproductive performance of host and endangers the health of animals and human beings. The prevention and control of Brucellosis focus on prevention，and the prevention awareness shall be improved at the same time so and the actual production should take so comprehensive disinfection，vaccination，drug prevention and other measures shall be taken in actual production，and the awareness of prevention of the disease shall be improved at the same time. This paper reviews the epidemiological characteristics of Brucellosis and its harm to animals and human beings，as well as the main epidemic prevention measures in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of Brucellosis.

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Analysis on the current situation of meat production in Qingxin District，Qingyuan

Xiang Zhenqiang，Wen Juan，Yi Lanli，Wang Qing，Zhang Yi，He Jianan，Wei Qilin， Kang Huahua，Xu Zhihong，Peng Xinyu

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (1): 65-70. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.01.15

Abstract （151）

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Statistical analysis of pig and meat production in Qingxin district was made within recent two years. Results revealed that the number of pigs sold in Qingxin district was decreased by 75% in 2020 compared with the number in 2019，which was affected by ASF. On the contrary，the poultry production was increased by 6.5 times in the same period，partially filling the meat supply gap caused by the decrease in pig production. Since January 2020，pig stock has slowly risen，and the number of sows has also been increased stepwisely. Meanwhile，the market and stock of chickens and geese remained relatively stable. A major threat of ASF remains in the meat production of Qingxin district. And，wide market fluctuations still exist. Improving biosafety and animal farming technology level is the fundamental measure to solve the problems. Each town in Qingxin district own its characteristics in the area of livestock and poultry breeding. In 2020，Shantang，Heyun and Zhitan were the three towns with the largest number of poultry raising. Shantang，Heyun and Taiping were the three towns with the largest number of chickens and geese raising. The three largest towns for pig breeding are Heyun，Longneck，Taiping. The management and scientific department of the government can provide targeted support in high-quality seedlings，disease prevention and control， green farming techniques and marketing.

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Development trends and suggestions of swine nutrition and feed science in 2022

WANG Li, XIAO Hao, HU Shenglan, YE Xiangyang, YI Hongbo, Gao Kaiguo, Yang Xuefen, Wen Xiaolu, JIANG Zongyong

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (2): 1-5. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.01

Abstract （185）

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In 2021，swine production capacity has been fully restored and continues to fluctuate at a low level， while the supply of feed raw materials is insufficient and the price rises a lot，which has brought unprecedented pressure to the swine industry. This paper summarizes the current situation of swine nutrition and feed science， analyzes the development trends in 2022，and puts forward relevant suggestions in this field from the perspective of scientific research.

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The protective effect of polysaccharide of atractylodes macrocephala koidz on the hepatic immune function of goslings

Li Wanyan, Wang Yifei, Li Bingxin, Xu Shuaipeng, Zheng Min, Cao Nan, Xu Danning, Yang Baohe, Yuan Mingfeng, Tian Yunbo

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (2): 6-13. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.02

Abstract （228）

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In order to study the protective effect of polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz（PAMK） on the liver immune function of goslings，40 1? day ?old Magang goslings were randomly divided into control group， PAMK group，CTX group and PAMK+CTX group，10 in each group. After 3 days of feeding，400 mg/kg PAMK was added to the diet of control group and PAMK group. At 20 days of age，CTX group and PAMK + CTX group were injected with cyclophosphamide in leg muscle at a dose of 40 mg/kg·BW for three consecutive days，other groups were injected with 0.5 mL of normal saline. The liver index and tissue structure were detected on 24?day ?old. The resultsshowed that cyclophosphamide could cause liver enlargement，tissue structure damage，hepatocyte DNA damage and liver function disorder in goslings. After the intervention of PAMK，the gosling liver and gallbladder indexes returned to normal，and the serum AST and AST levels were significantly reduced. The activity of ALT（P<0.05），the contents of TNF ? α，IL ? 10 and IL ? 1β were significantly increased（P<0.05），and the DNA damage of hepatocytes was significantly reduced. Cyclophosphamide significantly inhibited the protein levels of TLR4，NF ? κB1，TRAF6 and IKKε in the TLR4/NF ? κB signaling pathway（P<0.05），and increased the protein level of IκBα（P<0.05）. After PAMK treatment，the protein level of IκBα was significantly decreased（P<0.05），and the protein level of TRAF6 was significantly increased （P<0.05）， indicating that PAMK could effectively relieve the inhibitory effect of cyclophosphamide on key genes of TLR4/NF?κB pathway.

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Effect of newcastle disease virus on the migration of peripheral blood T lymphocytes of chickens

LIN Chuxiao，HE Jingyi，HE Yanhua，JI Jian，LUO Chenglong*

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (2): 14-17. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.03

Abstract （204）

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The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of Newcastle Disease Virus（NDV）on the migration of peripheral blood T lymphocytes in different geneotypes of Yellow ? feathered chickens，and to provide theoretical knowledge for exploring the immune response mechanism of chickens to NDV. Using Transwell co?culture system，the upper chamber and the lower chamber were cultured with lymphocytes and dendritic cells，respectively. After NDV challenging，the lymphocyte suspension was collected at 0，2，4，6 h of each time point. The total T lymphocyte migration rate was obtained by the flow cytometry method and the optimal co ? cultivation time wasdetermined. Then the migration rate of total T lymphocytes in wild?type（TT），hybrid?type（CT）and homozygotic?type （CC）were compared after NDV challenge. The results showed that the migration rate of total T lymphocytes was 45.04% after 2 hours of NDV challenge. In the groups challenged by virus，the migration rate of total T lymphocytes in CT genotype was 60.03% ，and the total T lymphocytes migration rate in TT genotype was 45.40% . There was a significant difference between the two genotypes（P<0.05）. However，there was no significant difference between CT and CC genotype（P>0.05）. In conclusion，the time of optimal lymphocytes culture was 2 hours，which was suitable for cell migration. After NDV challenge，the migration rate of total T lymphocytes in CT genotype was faster than that of TT genotype.

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Effects of dietary supplementation with fermented cassava residues on the performance and egg quality of laying hens

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (2): 18-21. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.04

Abstract （164）

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The current study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with fermented cassava residue on the performance and egg quality of Hy?Line brown laying hens. A total of 240 healthy Hy?Line laying hens aged 39 weeks were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 12 hens per replicate. The control group was fed with basic diet，while the experimental groups were fed diets with 5%，10% and 15% fermented cassava residue，respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows：① The feed intake and feed/ egg were significantly increased with the increase of the proportion of fermented cassava residue（P<0.05），while thenumber of egg production，laying rate，and total egg weight were significantly decreased（P<0.05）. ② The shell thickness were significantly decreased with the increase of the proportion of fermented cassava residue（P<0.05）， while the haugh unit and yolk color index were significantly increased（P<0.05）. However，the egg shape index had no difference among the different groups（P>0.05）. ③ Compared with control group，dietary supplementation with 5% fermented cassava residue increased the economic benefits by 7.61 yuan. Overall，our results indicated that dietary supplementation with 5% fermented cassava residue in Hy ? Line brown laying hens increased the egg quality and improved the breeding efficiency.

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Sensitization test of gamithromycin injection

IANG Guoliang，FU Liankai，GU Zhichun，LI Chengying，ZHOU Shuzhen*

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (2): 22-25. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.05

Abstract （124）

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In order to evaluate the sensitization of gamithromycin injection scientifically，the FMMU guinea pigs and SD rats were used to conduct active systemic anaphylaxis test and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test of gamithromycin injection respectively. The animals were randomly divided into negative control group，positive control group，low ? dose test group（6 mg/kg b.w.）and high ? dose test group（18 mg/kg b.w.）. Under the conditions of conventional breeding，the active allergic reaction degree of guinea pigs and passive allergic reaction degree of rats in each group were observe after being sensitized and stimulated according to the test method. The results showed that the active systemic anaphylaxis and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction degree of low ?dose test group and high ?dose test group were negative，which indicated that Gamithromycin injection cause neither active systemic anaphylaxis in guinea pigs，nor passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats.

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Isolation, Identification and Pathogenicity of porcine pseudorabies virus GD strain

HOU Gaowei，LAI Yuehui，WU Wenfu，ZHOU Xiaomin，CHEN Jian，YANG Aobing，LIN Derui*

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (2): 26-29. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.06

Abstract （128）

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A virus suspected to be porcine pseudorabies virus（PRV）was isolated from dead pigs in Guangdong province. The typical cytopathic effect（CPE）could be observed when the isolated virus was cultured on the swine testicular cells and it’s tissue culture infectious dose（TCID50）was 106.8/0.1 mL. A specific 370 bp long DNA fragment could be expanded using polymerase chain reaction（PCR）analysis from the isolated virus DNA. The sequence analysis results showed that the nucleotide identity of gE ? gene of PRV GD strain were between 97.6% ～99.9% comparing with several domestic and foreign PRV strains published in GenBank. The isolated virus strain was confirmed to be porcine pseudorabies virus and named as PRV GD strain. Inoculation of mice、rabbits、piglets and fattening pigs can cause the disease and death with strong pathogenicity.

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Technology and application of Pb2+ detection in drinking water for livestock and poultry by Prussian blue/graphene modified electrode

HUANG Jun, WANG Sijun, LUO Yuhang, ZHANG Wandi, ZHANG Jianfeng, LI Zhili, ZHANG Chunhong

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (2): 30-36. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.07

Abstract （169）

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In order to monitor the content of lead ions in drinking water and evaluate the quality of drinking water in livestock and poultry farms，a method based on Prussian blue/graphene modified electrode was established. Prussian blue nanoparticles were attached to the surface of graphene by electrochemical precipitation. The chemical properties of the prepared modified electrode were analyzed by differential pulse voltammetry. Moreover，the sensitivity，stability and detection limit of lead ions on the surface of the prepared electrode were analyzed. Finally， the reliability of the modified electrode prepared in the experiment to detect lead ions in drinking water of livestock andpoultry was evaluated. Results showed that in the phosphate buffer（0.10 mol/L，pH=4.5），the lead ion had a linear function relationship with the current value，which was in the range of 1×10-9 to 1×10-4，and the detection limit was 2.5 ×10-9 mol/L. In conclusion，the method of modified electrode based on Prussian blue/graphene has a wide linear range，low detection limit，good stability，strong anti ? interference ability and high sensitivity，indicating that the method is suitable for the detection of lead ions in drinking water of livestock and poultry.

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Research progress in nutrition and feed technology of yellow��feathered chickens in 2021

MAO Shenli, GOU Zhongyong

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (2): 37-42. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.08

Abstract （246）

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In 2021，it is still a hot spot on the research of the nutrition and feed of yellow?feathered chickens and a large number of relevant literatures have been reported. Research and technology developments of nutrition and feed of Yellow ? feathered chickens in abroad are presented in this review. Besides，studies on nutritional parameters， development and utilization of feed resources，nutrition metabolism，nutrition and immunity，and nutrition regulation of meat quality of Chinese Yellow?feathered chickens are also reviewed here. Finally，the relevant problems in those researches and development suggestions are put forward by the authors. It hopes that this review can provide technical support and guidance service for production of Yellow?feathered chickens.

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Research progress in test technique for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

CAI Linlin，LIANG Jianpeng，CHEN Libin，XIANG Bin，REN Tao*

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (2): 43-50. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.09

Abstract （174）

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There are many kinds of susceptible animals for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 （SARS?CoV?2），which has a strong transmission capacity. At this stage，a variety of mutants of SARS?CoV?2 have appeared，which may be at risk of evading the protection of existing vaccines. Understanding the human ? animal interface and its relevance to disease transmission remains a critical control point for many emerging zoonoses. In this paper，the structure and mutant strains of SARS ? CoV ? 2 were briefly described. Further，the technical principles， characteristics and application status of a series of detection methods for SARS?CoV?2 were described. Meanwhile，the advantages and disadvantages of each method were summarized in this paper. And finally，some suggestions were put forward to improve the routine disease monitoring system，after that，the importance of livestock husbandry biosecurity prevention and control were clarified step by step.

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Research progress in the application of feed yeast product

XIA JunLiang，ZHANG YongLiang，CHEN Ting

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (2): 51-57. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.10

Abstract （178）

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Yeast and its metabolites have many biological functions，such as improving animal immunity，feed conversion rate，promoting animal growth，and improving the quality of animal products. Until now，yeast and its products have been widely used as additives in feed. In the paper，the types of yeast products currently in the market， (such as feed yeast，yeast cell wall，yeast extract，yeast culture，active dry yeast，and other yeast products) and their function characteristics were reviewed，with the aimto provide theoreticalbasis for the research and application of yeast products reference basis.

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Research progress in the antibody detection of Swine Fever Virus

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (2): 58-62. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.11

Abstract （119）

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Classical swine fever（CSF）is a highly infectious and fatal disease of pigs caused by Classical swine fever virus（CSFV）. It has high contact ?infectivity，widespread epidemic，high morbidity and mortality，and great economic damage to pig industry. At present，vaccination is still the main means to control CSF in most countries of the world and CSFV antibody detection is used to evaluate immune efficiency. In order to provide new ideas for the prevention and control of CSF，the main methods of antibody detection of CSFV，such as Virus Neutralization Test （VN）、Indirect Hemagglutination （IHA）、Enzyme ? linked Immunosorbent Assay （ELISA）、Gold ? Immunochromatography Assay（GICA）were reviewed.

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Goose astrovirus disease: the research progress， prevention and control strategies

HUANG Peihong1，JIA Rumin2，YANG Mengting1，HE Renshi1，FENG Xinyi1，DENG Shiwen1，LIU Xiaoxi1*

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (2): 63-66. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.12

Abstract （266）

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The goose astrovirus mainly infects the goslings within 3 weeks old. At the initial stage of infection， goslings show loss of appetite，listlessness and weakness of limbs. As the disease deteriorates，they show symptoms such as white feces，swelling of leg joints，uric acid deposition and paralysis，etc. The high incidence and up to 30% mortality rate would cause serious harm to the goose industry in China. In this article，it reviews the research process of goose astrovirus disease from six parts：etiology，epidemiology and pathogenicity，symptomatology，laboratory diagnosis，prevention and control，and prospect. The astrovirus was separated by taking diseased material for goose embryo inoculation and virus transmission culture，and identified by RT?PCR and other methods. It is expected that an effective attenuated vaccine will be cultivated by multi?generation subculture in non?susceptible animals. Practitioners are recommended to prevent and control goose astrovirus disease through measures such as injecting effective vaccine， cutting off the transmission route and rational use of drugs in the geese production.

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A case on diagnosis and treatment of bovine tuberculosis

LIU Tengsheng1，GUAN Jingshan2，LU Fanglian1，Lin Yun1，ZHENG Zhuo1，HE Qisong2，XIONG Yi2，MA Lin2*

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (2): 67-70. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.02.13

Abstract （90）

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Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic zoonotic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis tuberculosis，which can occur all the year round and is classified as a classⅡ animal disease in China. In 2020，A case of bovine tuberculosis occurred in a dairy farm in Guiping City，16 positive samples were detected by intradermic allergy test. And then，the anticoagulant blood samples of 16 positive cows were collected and tested with ELISA of bovine tuberculosis interferon gamma（IFN），the results showed 8 positive cows. Infected cows were culled by Guiping center for animal disease prevention and control. Therefore，it is suggested that quarantine and biosafety measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of bovine tuberculosis. In the monitoring link，intradermal allergy can be used to quarantine cattles，and then retesting positive cattles using IFN??γELISA method. It will be more conducive to the detection and purification of bovine tuberculosis.

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Thoughts on the training of pet medical talents in veterinary medicine from colleges and universities

SHI Dayou, CHEN Yizhou, WU Xuanguang, SUN yongxue, XIA Xianzhu

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (3): 1-3，30. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.03.01

Abstract （256）

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In recent years，with the rapid development of the pet industry in China，the number of pet hospitals is increasing，and pet medical talents have been in short supply. However，the proportion of college veterinary graduates choosing to engage in pet clinical diagnosis and treatment is very low. Therefore，the discussion mainly focused on the better training of pet medical talents majored in veterinary medicine in colleges and universities. Three aspects were addressed，including how to strengthen the clinical teaching，guide veterinary students to be actively involved in learning，and encourage veterinary students to take the initiative to intern and work at veterinary clinics. With more veterinary graduates choosing a career in pet clinical diagnosis and treatment，a healthy，stable，and sustainable development of the industry in pet clinical diagnosis and treatment will be promoted in China.

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Overview of Chinese native dog breed resources and opinions

TIAN Xinyi, ZHANG Lingna, WEN Chaoyu, LIU Qingshen, DENG Baichuan, YIN Yulong

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (3): 4-12. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.03.02

Abstract （1011）

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With the improvement of living standards and the change of family structure，people's demand for pet dogs is increasing. In the domestic pet dog market，many people prefer dog breeds from abroad，instead of Chinese native dogs. China is rich in dog breed resources，but due to the lack of systematic conservation research，many excellent Chinese native dog breeds no longer existed. This paper will give a brief introduction on Chinese native dog breeds according to their regional distribution，and focus on the problems and solutions on dog genetic resource conservation.

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Advance in pet food research

WEI Qilin1，2，XIANG Rong1，TU Du1，WU Junyi1，FU Yunfei1，XU Zhihong1，2*

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (3): 13-19，25. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.03.03

Abstract （555）

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Pet food is the high ?end animal food between human and traditional livestock and poultry feed. This paper starts with the difficulties in the development of the pet food industry，then summarizes the research progress of alternative protein resources，processing technology and product diversity in pet food，and analyzes the problem of protein shortage in pet food raw materials. Combined with human food processing technology and products，we summarizes the resource conflicts，technical requirements，product functionality and differentiation currently faced by pet food，and provides a reference for the development of the pet food industry.

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Research progress of feline infectious peritonitis

PANG Xiaoyue，ZHANG Xinting，QIU Wenyue，HUANG Jianjia，ZHOU Shuilian，SU Rongsheng*

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (3): 20-25. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.03.04

Abstract （524）

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Feline Infectious Peritonitis（FIP）is a fatal viral infectious disease common in felines. With the increase in cat population and the impact of COVID ? 19 epidemic，people pay more and more attention to FIP. Although many scholars have studied FIP，so far there is still no reliable diagnostic method and programmatic treatment scheme for the disease. Therefore，this paper made a comprehensive review on the clinical signs，diagnosis and treatment，and immunity and prevention of FIP，so as to provide reference and guidance for the clinical diagnosis， treatment and prognosis of FIP.

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Research progress in clinical application of sublingual desensitization therapy for allergic diseases in pets

LIU Yaju1，ZHANG Yuan4，ZHOU Yingze3，GUO Yishun2，WANG Junkai1，SHI Dayou1*

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (3): 26-30. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.03.05

Abstract （406）

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The current paper reviewed sublingual immunotherapy （SLIT） methods for treating pet allergic diseases from four aspects，including an overview of SLIT in human and veterinary medicine，its mechanism and application in veterinary clinic，and a summary of treatment schemes. The clinical application of SLIT for treating allergic diseases in pets in China and abroad，existing problems，and future directions were also analyzed and discussed.

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Study on quality control of clinical canine and feline mesenchymal stem cells

LI Dongsheng，RUAN Huimin，YE Cailing，WANG Bingyun

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (3): 31-34. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.03.06

Abstract （361）

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Canine and feline mesenchymal stem cells（MSCs）have the potential of self ? renewal and multi ? directional differentiation，and are increasingly used in the treatment of pet diseases. In order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of canine and feline MSCs in pet clinical application，it is necessary to meet the clear quality requirements such as basic biological characteristics，biological safety and biological effectiveness. Now the properties of canine and feline MSCs are discussed to provide reference for the establishment of pet stem cell quality control system.

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Research progress in boosting immune function of pet with Traditional Chinese medicine

LIN Nuo1，SU Pang1，FU Jiali2，WU Li1，2*

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (3): 35-38. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.03.07

Abstract （497）

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In recent years，the use of Traditional Chinese medicine in the pet clinical industry has been recognized and praised by more and more pet physicians，especially when western medicine has no obvious curative effect or large side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine has gradually become a hot spot in pet clinical medicine. Therefore，this article started from the perspective of the relationship between Traditional Chinese medicine and immune function，and summarized the application status of Traditional Chinese medicine to enhance pet immune function through three parts：the improvement of the immune function of sick pets，the pet application of Chinese medicine additive in preventive care and the effect of Chinese medicine on pet vaccine immunization. This paper also summarized the problems faced by Traditional Chinese medicine in the clinical application of pets，and put forward some suggestions for the development of Traditional Chinese medicine for pets in the future，which provided a reference for the clinical application of Chinese medicine in pets.

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Breed origin，present situation and conservation of the South China Tang Dog

CHANG Hao1，LI Xinqiang2，NI Chen3，DENG Baichuan1，LIU Qingshen1*

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (3): 39-42. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.03.08

Abstract （989）

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Logical analysis on the revenue growth of pet hospitals

DENG Xingyan

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (3): 43-48，81. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.03.09

Abstract （227）

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In recent years，phenomena such as the rapid expansion of chain hospitals，and the competition of technical personnel and product price for grabbing customers，has caused the increased operating costs of pet hospitals，while the growth of revenue has slowed down with declined overall profit. Therefore，operators are seeking ways to increase revenue through various channels. This paper aims to logically analyze the revenue growth of pet hospitals from different aspects，including positioning，stage goals，underlying logic of revenue growth，growth model，and the corresponding methodology. Only by mastering this logic，can we explore the constant in all changes and grasp the essence of various problems，so as to develop appropriate strategies to achieve effective and sustainable growth of pet hospitals' revenue. The current review can provide reference on revenue growth strategy for pet hospital operators.

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Research progress in pet stress relief and nutritional regulation

HUANG Hongcan，WANG Yingjia，REN Ruiti，CHEN Xiaomin，ZHANG Xiaohe，FAN Zhicong， YANG Kang，DENG Baichuan*

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (3): 49-54. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.03.10

Abstract （450）

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With the continuous development of society and economy，the status of pets in the family has gradually improved. However，various strong，short ? term or small，continuous stimuli in life threaten the healthy growth of pets. At present，there is a lack of systematic discussion on nutrients relieve pet stress in the research on pet stress. This paper reviews the nutritional regulation techniques regarding saccharoterpenes，gallic acid，tannins， astaxanthin，dihydromyricetin，immunoglobulins，amino acids，vitamins，minerals，probiotics，etc. on alleviating pet stress. The aim of this review is to provide new ideas for solving pet stress problems.

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Research progress on palatability of pet food

CHEN Miao1，2，QI Xiao2，SUN Haoran1，ZHU Yuhang2，XU Chao1*

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (3): 55-59，97. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.03.11

Abstract （776）

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The palatability is one of the important criteria to measure the success of pet food. Different breeds of pets or the pet at different developmental stages have different palatabilities. Animal factors cannot be ignored in the study of palatability. The special habits of dogs and cats will also affect their palatability choices in food intake，such as differences in the intake of fat，protein and carbohydrates. At present，the conditioned reflex method，the single ? bowl method and the double ? bowl method are commonly used to evaluate the palatability. While evaluating palatability，the conditioned reflex method focuses more on improving the animals’poor feeding habits. The single ? bowl method and the double ?bowl method directly compare the amount of food intake to evaluate the palatability. In recent years，new methods of using electronic devices have also emerged. These electronic devices can monitor a range of biological indicators in feeding animals to assess palatability. This paper summarizes the commonly used palatability evaluation methods for dog and cat pet food and expounds its characteristics，so as to provide a reference for the subsequent research and development of dog and cat pet food.

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Effects of canned staple food supplementation on feeding behavior blood indexes and hair health of pet cats

ZHANG Yunhai, SUN Haitao, LIU Gongyan, CUI Kai, LIU Ce

Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 2022, 47 (3): 60-65. DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2022.03.12

Abstract （386）

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This experiment was conducted to study the effects of supplementary feeding of canned staple food on feeding ability，blood index and coat health of pet cats，in order to provide scientific basis for healthy diet of pet cats. Fourteen healthy Linqing lioncats aged 1 to 2 years old were randomly divided into two groups，seven cats in each group. One group was fed with pet puffed dry food and supplemented with canned pet staple food（supplemented with canned staple food group），and the other group was just fed with pet puffed dry food. The experiment lasted for 20 days. The results showed as follows ：（1）Compared to the dry food group，the energy intake of dietary canned staple food group was significantly decreased（P < 0.05）. Supplementation with canned food significantly increased total water intake（P < 0.05）.（2）Compared to the dry food group，the digestibility of dry matter，organic matter and crude protein in canned diet group was significantly increased（P < 0.05）.（3）The erythrocyte content，hemoglobin，hematocrit and blood glucose levels in supplemented with canned staple food group were significantly higher than those in dry diet group（P < 0.05），while the mean platelet hematocrit was significantly lower than that in dry diet group （P < 0.05）.（4）Supplementation of canned staple food has no significant effect on coat health.

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