Abstract: Chikungunya fever is an acute mosquito⁃borne infectious disease caused by the Chikungunya virus（CHIKV） and transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitoes. The main clinical manifestations include fever，rash，and joint and muscle pain. The disease exhibits distinct epidemiological features and urban transmission cycles，posing a high infection risk to human populations. Factors such as viral genetic mutations，accelerated globalization，and climate warming have driven the global spread of chikungunya fever in recent years. To date，chikungunya outbreaks have been reported in 119 countries and regions，with an estimated annual cumulative case count exceeding 500 000. Due to the absence of approved commercial vaccines or effective antiviral therapies，Chikungunya fever continues to pose a significant threat to human health，public health systems，and socioeconomic development. Currently，the global spread of chikungunya fever is becoming increasingly severe. Notably，the 2025 outbreak in Foshan，Guangdong􀆼linked to imported cases and subsequent local transmission􀆼 has underscored the urgent need for enhanced prevention and control measures in China. This paper systematically reviews the global and domestic epidemiological status of chikungunya fever，its transmission routes and local transmission characteristics，underlying mechanisms and influencing factors，as well as comprehensive prevention and control strategies. The study aims to provide valuable insights for the scientific prevention and control of epidemic importation and spread in China and for safeguarding public health.

Key words: Chikungunya fever, imported cases, local transmission, transmission mechanisms, prevention and control strategies

摘要： 基孔肯雅热（Chikungunya Fever，CHIKF）是一种由基孔肯雅病毒（Chikungunya vi? rus，CHIKV）引发、经伊蚊传播的急性蚊媒传染病，以发热、皮疹、关节及肌肉疼痛为主要症 状。该病具有明确的流行病学特征和城市传播周期，在人群中具有较高的感染风险。近年 来，病毒遗传变异、全球化进程加快及气候变暖等因素推动了基孔肯雅热的全球传播。迄今为 止，全球已有119个国家和地区报告基孔肯雅热疫情，每年累计病例超过50万例。由于缺乏 获批的商品化疫苗及有效的抗病毒治疗，基孔肯雅热对人类健康、公共卫生体系及社会经济发 展构成了严重威胁。当前，基孔肯雅热在全球范围内的传播态势愈发严峻，尤其是2025年广 东佛山出现的境外输入关联本地传播疫情，进一步凸显了我国防控此类传染病的紧迫性。该 文对全球及国内基孔肯雅热流行现状、输入途径与本土传播特征、传播机制和影响因素，以及综合防控策略等进行了系统梳理，旨在为当前我国科学防控疫情输入与扩散、保障公众健康提 供重要参考。

关键词: 基孔肯雅热, 输入性病例, 本土传播, 传播机制, 防控策略