Abstract: This study delineates the evolving dynamics between cattle inventory and beef production in China， while highlighting the upward trajectory of domestic beef consumption and the increasing reliance on imports. From the perspective of germplasm resource introduction，it examines the influence of live cattle and frozen semen imports on the broader development of the beef industry. Integrating insights from the market circulation system，the paper further dissects the volatility patterns within the fresh beef consumption market. Focusing specifically on Guangdong Province，the paper evaluates the current state of the beef cattle sector through three analytical lenses：the imbalance in supply and demand，the degree of large⁃scale farming，and the distinctive characteristics of regional dairy cattle farming models. It identifies critical challenges facing the provincial cattle breeding industry，including a shortage of high⁃quality genetic stock，weak foundational infrastructure in breeding systems，misalignment between breeding objectives and the diversified demands of the market，and insufficient protection and utilization of indigenous cattle germplasm resources. Building upon the analysis of these structural bottlenecks，the paper proposes a systematic development pathway. This includes the establishment of a province⁃wide elite breeding system，targeted enhancement of genetic improvement technologies，the development of intelligent innovation platforms for germplasm advancement， and the identification of genetic markers associated with desirable traits. Together，these measures aim to provide a scientific foundation for the high⁃quality and sustainable development of Guangdong’s beef cattle breeding industry.

Key words: Beef Cattle Industry, Guangdong’s Beef Cattle Germplasm Industry, Breeding Strategies, Indigenous Cattle Breeds, Technological Framework

摘要： 该文阐明了我国肉牛存栏量与牛肉产量之间的演变特征，揭示了国内牛肉消费需求增长趋势与进口依赖格局；通过种质资源引进维度，探讨活牛及冻精进口对产业发展的影响；结合市场流通体系，剖析热鲜肉消费市场波动规律。聚焦广东省肉牛产业，重点从供需结构失衡、规模化养殖水平、特色奶牛养殖模式三重视角评估发展现状，理清了肉牛优质种源短缺、良种繁育体系基础薄弱、育种方向与多元化市场需求不匹配、地方品种牛种质资源保护与利用不足等突出种业问题。基于广东种业瓶颈分析，提出涵盖全省肉牛良种繁育体系建设、遗传改良技术定向优化、智能化种质创新平台构建、优良种质特征相关遗传标记开发等要素的系统性发展路径，为广东省肉牛种业高质量发展提供科学依据。

关键词: 肉牛产业, 广东种业, 育种, 地方品种牛, 技术体系