Abstract: Genomic selection is a method that uses genome ??wide markers to predict the breeding value of an individual. Single nucleotide polymorphisms（SNPs）are widely used in the field of genetics. In recent years，with the development of SNP genotyping methods，researchers have been able to obtain a large number of genetic markers at a low cost，thereby greatly advancing the technology of genomic selection. This study reviews three main strategies for genome??wide SNP genotyping，summarizes the application of genomic selection in livestock and poultry breeding，and discusses its future prospects. This review will serve as a reference for selecting an appropriate SNP genotyping strategy in the progress of genomic selection.

Key words: Single nucleotide polymorphisms, Genotyping, Livestock and poultry, Genomic selection

摘要： 基因组选择技术是利用覆盖全基因组的遗传标记进行个体基因组育种值的估计。 单核苷酸多态性标记（Single nucleotide polymorphisms，SNP）被广泛应用于各遗传学领域。近 年来，各种全基因组 SNP 标记开发方法的发展使得研究者们能够以低成本获得大量遗传标 记，推动了基因组选择技术的发展。该文综述了三种主要的全基因组 SNP 分型策略，并总结 了基因组选择技术在不同畜禽动物育种中的应用情况，同时展望了其未来发展前景，以期为 基因组选择过程中选择合适的 SNP 分型策略提供借鉴和参考。

关键词: 单核苷酸多态性, 基因分型, 畜禽, 基因组选择