Abstract: 【Objective】Rice flower carp is a valued local aquatic product within the Qingyuan rice?fish co?culture system，generating an additional income of approximately 9 000 yuan per mu. However，its slow growth rate and the lack of commercially available feed formulations constrain its productivity. This study aimed to identify the optimal feed formulation through a four?factor ，three?level orthogonal experiment design，evaluating growth performance and health status to enhance the economic returns of Rice flower carp cultivation.【Methods】A total of 945 fish with an initial body weight of（6.59±0.01）g were randomly allocated into 9 groups with 3 replicates per group and 35 fish per replicate. Nine kinds of feed were designed according to four factors，varying in dietary protein（36%，40%，44%）， lipid（4%，8%，12%），carbohydrate（24%，27%，30%），and premix（vitamin and mineral premix：0.175%， 0.35%，0.7%）levels. The feeding trial lasted for 63 days.【Results】The results show that 0.35% and 0.7% Vitamin premix and Mineral premix groups the weight gain rate is significantly higher than that of 0.175% groups（P<0.05）. The low protein group（36%）condition factor was significantly higher than the high protein group（44%）（P<0.05）. There were no significant differences in food intake，crude protein content，fat content，moisture content and ash content among all groups（P>0.05）. 36% protein group serum CHOL and LDL?CH contents was significantly higher than 44% protein group（P<0.05）；GLU in high starch group（30%）was significantly higher than that in low fat group （24%）（P<0.05）；The HDL?CH of 0.35% Vitamin premix and Mineral premix group was significantly higher than that of 0.175% level group（P<0.05）. There were no significant differences in ALT，AST，ALB，GLOB and UREA among all groups（P>0.05）.【Conclusion】In conclusion，protein level increases，condition factor decreases，serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol decrease，and fat metabolism increases. Carbohydrate levels increase，blood GLUcose rises；Suitable Vitamin premix and Mineral premix（0.35%）can improve the weight gain rate，facilitate the growth of carp，significantly increase HDL cholesterol，and promote the metabolism of cholesterol in peripheral tissue. Taking the weight gain rate as the evaluation index，the optimal combination is A36B8C24D0.7.

Key words: Carp；Feed；Growth performance；Serum biochemistry

摘要： 禾花鲤乳源1号（Rice flower carp）是清远稻鱼种养模式高品质地方名特优水产品，但 生长速度较慢，目前未有成熟的商品饲料。该文采用四因素三水平的正交试验设计，根据各 组禾花鲤生长性能、健康状况筛选最适饲料配方，达到更好的经济效益。试验挑选945尾初始 体重为（6.59±0.01）g的试验鱼，随机分成9组，每组3个重复，每个重复35尾。按四因素三水 平（因素A蛋白质为36%、40%和44%、因素B脂肪8%、10%和12%、因素C碳水化合物24%、27% 和30%和因素D多维多矿预混料0.175%、0.35%和0.7%）的正交试验设计9种饲料，养殖63 d。 结果表明：根据方差分析，多维多矿0.35%和0.7%组增重率显著高于0.175%多维多矿组。肥满 度低蛋白组（36%）显著高于高蛋白组（44%）（P<0.05）。各组摄食量、全鱼粗蛋白含量、脂肪含 量、水分含量和灰分含量无显著差异（P>0.05）。血清CHOL、LDL?CH含量36%蛋白组显著高于 44%蛋白组（P<0.05）；高碳水化合物组（30%）的GLU显著高于低脂肪组（24%）（P<0.05）；0.35% 多维多矿组的HDL?CH显著高于0.175%水平组（P<0.05）。各组ALT、AST、ALB、GLOB、UREA 无显著差异（P>0.05）。综上所述，饲粮中蛋白水平增加，肥满度减小，血清胆固醇、低密度脂 蛋白胆固醇下降；饲粮中碳水化合物水平增加，血糖上升；饲粮中合适的多维多矿（0.35%）提高 禾花鲤增重率，有助于禾花鲤生长，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著升高，促进外周组织中胆固醇的 代谢。根据极差分析，以增重率为评价指标，最优组合为A36B8C24D0.7。

关键词: 禾花鲤；饲料；生长性能；血清生化