Abstract: China is a major aquaculture production country. In recent years，aquaculture industry has developed rapidly，but the problem of disease has become increasingly prominent，seriously threatening the healthy development of aquaculture. Among these，Streptococcosis is the most serious. Streptococci can infect a variety of aquatic organisms. The pathogens of streptococcal disease include Streptococcus iniae，Streptococcus agalactiae，Streptococcus parauberis. Typical symptoms of the Streptococcosis include behavioural abnormalities，proptosis，and meningitis. At present，antibiotics are still the first choice for the treatment of Streptococcosis，but long-term use of antibiotics is not conducive to the long- term development of aquaculture. Vaccine is an effective way to prevent and control theStreptococcosis， but there is no approved commercial vaccine. This article will introduce the etiology， epidemiology，clinical symptoms，pathogenesis，and detection technology of streptococcal disease，new strategies， and thinking of the prevention and control of streptococcal disease，in order to provide a reference for the prevention and control of Streptococcosis.

Key words: Fish； Streptococcus； Epidemiology； Detection method； Disease prevention and control

摘要： 我国是水产养殖大国，近年来水产养殖行业发展迅猛，与此同时病害问题日益突 出，其中链球菌的感染最为严重，严重危害着行业的健康发展。链球菌能感染多种水生生物 并造成疫病暴发，其病原主要为海豚链球菌（Streptococcus iniae）、无乳链球菌（Streptococcus agalactiae）、副乳房链球菌（Streptococcus parauberis）等，感染鱼类的典型症状包括行为异常、眼 球突出和脑膜炎等。目前，抗菌药物仍是治疗链球菌病的首选，但长期以及滥用药不利于水 产业的长足发展。疫苗是防控链球菌病的有效途径，但尚未有获批的商业化渔用疫苗。该文 从病原学、流行病学与临床病症、致病机理、检测技术方面介绍链球菌病防治的新策略和新思 考，以期为链球菌病的防控提供参考。

关键词: 鱼类； 链球菌； 流行病学； 检测方法； 病害防控