广东畜牧兽医科技 ›› 2023, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 1-7.DOI: 10.19978/j.cnki.xmsy.2023.01.01

• 试验研究 •    下一篇

饲粮粗脂肪水平对禾花鲤生长性能、 机体组成、血清酶活及抗氧化能力的影响

谢雨桐1，2，莫文艳1，陈冰1，曹俊明1，2，李诗洋1，王国霞1*   

  1. （1.广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所/广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室/农业部华南动 物营养与饲料重点实验室，广东 广州 510640； 2.广东海洋大学水产学院，广东 湛江 524088）
  • 出版日期:2023-02-21 发布日期:2023-02-18
  • 通讯作者: 王国霞
  • 基金资助:
    广州市科技特派员项目（编号GZKTP201938）；横向科技项目“连州市禾花鱼营养需求分析”

Effects of Crude crude fat Level on Growth，Body Composition，Serum enzyme activity and Antioxidant Capacity of Procypris merus

XIE Yutong ，MO Wenyan ，CHEN Bing ，CAO Junming ，LI Shiyang ，WANG Guoxia   

  1. （1.Institute of Animal Science，Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition，Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry ofgriculture，Guangzhou Guangdong 510640； 2.College of Fisheries，Guangdong Ocean University，Zhanjiang Guangdong 524088）
  • Online:2023-02-21 Published:2023-02-18

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摘要： 该试验旨在研究饲料中不同含量水平粗脂肪对禾花鲤的生长性能、饲料利用率、机 体组成及血清生化指标的影响，探究饲料中最适粗脂肪水平。试验选用均重为（4.41±0.01）g的 禾花鲤 525 尾，随机分成 5 组，每组 3 个重复，每个重复 35 尾。配制粗脂肪水平为 6%、8%、 10%、12%和14%的五种等氮不等能饲料。养殖周期63天。结果表明：随着饲料中粗脂肪水平 的升高，饲料系数呈下降趋势（P<0.05），10%、12%、14%组显著低于6%组；蛋白质效率呈上升 趋势（P<0.05），12%、14%组的显著高于6%；增重率和特定生长率无显著影响（P>0.05）。肥满 度呈上升趋势（P<0.05），14%组显著高于其他组；脏体比、肝体比无显著变化（P>0.05）。饲料粗 脂肪水平增高，全鱼鱼体粗脂肪含量呈上升趋势（P<0.05），12%、14%组显著高于其他组；水分 含量呈下降趋势（P<0.05），14%显著低于其他组；全鱼粗蛋白、灰分含量无显著变化。随着饲料 中粗脂肪的增加，鱼体血清中谷草转氨酶活性呈下降趋势（P<0.05），6%组显著高于其他组，白 蛋白/球蛋白呈先上升再下降趋势（P<0.05），12%显著高于14%组；血糖、甘油三脂、胆固醇、白 蛋白、球蛋白和总蛋白，各水平组差异不显著（P>0.05），淀粉酶、蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶含量在各不 同含量水平脂肪组间差异不明显（P>0.05）。各组的血清、肝脏的总抗氧化能力、超氧化物歧化 酶活力和碱性磷酸酶差异均不显著（P>0.05）。综上所述，饲料中适宜的脂肪水平可提高饲料 利用率，增加鱼体脂肪含量，提高肝功能，不影响消化酶活和鱼体健康，结合经济效益，推荐 饲料粗脂肪水平为10%。

关键词: 鲤鱼, 粗脂肪, 生长性能, 肝功能

Abstract: A 63?day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of different crude lipid levels on growth performance，body composition and serum biochemical indices of Procypris Merus，and to explore the optimal protein requirements. A total of 525 juvenile carp with an average body weight of（4.41±0.01）g were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 35 fish per replicate. Five isonitrogenous diets were formulated with 6%、8%、 10%、12% and 14% crude lipid levels. The results showed that with dietary crude lipid level increasing，the feed conversion ratio in 10%，12% and 14% groups was significantly lower than that in 6% group（P<0.05）；Protein efficiency ratio in 10%，12% and 14% groups was significantly higher than that in 6% groups（P<0.05）；weight gain rate and specific growth rate had no significant effects（P>0.05）. The condition factor of 14% was significantly higher than that of other groups（P<0.05）；the Viscerosomatic index and Hepatosomatic index had no significant change（P> 0.05）. As dietary crude lipid level increasing，whole body crude lipid content showed an increasing trend（P<0.05）， and that of 12% and 14% was significantly higher than that of other groups；the water content of 14% was significantly lower than that of other groups（P<0.05），the contents of crude protein and ash in whole fish had no significant change （P>0.05）. With the increase of crude lipid level，serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase was decreased（P<0.05）， 6% was significantly higher than that of other groups，albumin/globulin was firstly increased and then decreased（P< 0.05），and 12% was significantly higher than that of 14% group. There were no significant differences in the contents of amylase，protease and trypsin among different levels of fat groups（P>0.05）. There were no significant differences in total antioxidant capacity，superoxide dismutase activity and alkaline phosphatase in serum and liver among all groups （P>0.05）. There were no significant differences in blood glucose，triglyceride，cholesterol，albumin，globulin and total protein among different levels（P>0.05）. In conclusion，the appropriate dietary fat level can improve feed utilization rate，increase fish body fat content，improve liver function，without affecting digestive enzyme activity and fish body health.Combined with economic benefits，the recommended dietary crude lipid level is 10%.

Key words: Carp, Crude fat, Growth performance, Liver function

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